One of the most common causes of thick toenails is a fungal infection. A fungus called dermatophytes is often responsible for this condition, which can cause the nails to become discolored, brittle, and thick. Fungal infections can develop when your feet are exposed to damp environments, such as locker rooms or swimming pools. Additionally, wearing tight shoes that don’t allow your feet to breathe can create an environment conducive to fungal growth.

Related: Types of Toenail Fungus and Treatment Options

Psoriasis is another common cause of thick toenails. This autoimmune skin disease results in the overproduction of skin cells, which can accumulate under the nail. As these cells build up, they can cause the nail to thicken and separate from the nail bed. Psoriasis can also lead to changes in the nail’s color and texture.

As you age, the growth rate of your nails slows down, and they may become thicker and more brittle. This can be attributed to a decrease in blood circulation and a diminished ability of the body to absorb nutrients. As a result, older adults often experience thicker toenails that are more susceptible to damage and infection.

An injury or trauma to the toenail can also lead to thickening. For example, if you frequently participate in activities that pressure your toenails, such as running or dancing, you may develop thick toenails over time. In some cases, a single traumatic event, like dropping a heavy object on your toe, can cause the nail to thicken as it heals.

Related: Common Toenail Problems and Solutions

Determining the underlying cause of your thick toenails is essential in finding the most effective treatment. Start by examining your nails and note any changes in color, texture, or shape. A fungal infection may be the culprit if you notice discoloration, crumbling, or an unpleasant smell. If your nails are thick and pitted, with redness and scaling around the nail bed, psoriasis could be the cause. Aging and trauma-related thickening often present as a gradual change in the nail’s appearance over time.

Related: How to Keep Toenails Healthy and Strong

For cases of fungal infection, over-the-counter antifungal treatments can be effective in clearing up the issue. These treatments come in various forms, such as creams, ointments, and nail lacquers, and are typically applied directly to the affected nails. It’s important to follow the instructions on the packaging and continue using the treatment for the recommended duration to ensure the infection is fully eradicated.

If over-the-counter treatments aren’t effective, your doctor may prescribe a stronger antifungal medication. These medications, usually in the form of oral tablets, work by attacking the fungus from within. Keep in mind that prescription antifungal medications can have side effects and may interact with other medications you’re taking, so it’s essential to discuss your options with your doctor.

Some people prefer to try natural remedies for treating thick toenails. Tea tree oil, for example, has antifungal properties and can be applied to the affected nails daily. Other natural options include soaking your feet in a mixture of vinegar and water or applying a paste of baking soda and water to the nails. While these remedies may not be as potent as medications, they can be worth trying if you prefer a more holistic approach.

In some cases, professional intervention may be necessary to treat thick toenails. A podiatrist can assess your nails and recommend the most appropriate course of action, which may include prescription medications, nail debridement (removal of the thickened nail), or even permanent nail removal in severe cases.

Related: Best Toe Nail Care Kit

Cutting thick toenails requires specialized tools and techniques to avoid causing damage or pain. Invest in heavy-duty nail clippers or nippers designed to handle thick nails. These tools typically have a wider opening and sharper blades to ensure a clean, smooth cut. When cutting your thick toenails, follow the natural curve of the nail and avoid cutting too close to the nail bed. Make multiple small cuts instead of attempting one large cut to prevent cracking or splitting the nail.

Proper foot hygiene is crucial for preventing further complications with thick toenails. Wash your feet daily with soap and water, thoroughly drying them, especially between the toes. Wear moisture-wicking socks and breathable shoes to keep your feet dry and discourage fungal growth. Regularly inspect your feet and nails for any signs of infection or damage and address issues promptly to prevent them from worsening.

Once you’ve identified and treated the underlying cause of your thick toenails, it’s important to take steps to repair the damage and prevent future problems. Keep your nails trimmed and filed, removing any rough or jagged edges that could snag on socks or bedding. Regularly moisturize your feet and nails with a nourishing foot cream to keep the skin and nails healthy and flexible. Additionally, consider incorporating supplements, such as biotin or omega-3 fatty acids, into your diet to support healthy nail growth.

Related: How to Cut Toenails to Avoid Ingrown Nails

If your thick toenails are causing you significant discomfort or pain, or if you’re unable to determine the cause of the problem, it’s important to consult with a healthcare professional. A podiatrist or dermatologist can help diagnose the issue and recommend the most appropriate treatment. Don’t hesitate to seek medical attention if you suspect an infection or if your thick toenails are affecting your daily activities.

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While thick toenails are not inherently dangerous, they can become problematic if left untreated. For example, a fungal infection can spread to other nails or skin, causing more widespread issues. Thick toenails caused by trauma can become ingrown or infected if not properly managed. Additionally, thick toenails can cause discomfort and difficulty wearing shoes, impacting your daily life and activities.

Some people mistakenly believe thick toenails are a cosmetic issue and don’t require treatment. However, as we’ve discussed, thick toenails can indicate an underlying health issue or infection and should be addressed accordingly. Another misconception is that thick toenails are a natural part of aging and cannot be treated. While it’s true that nails can become thicker with age, there are steps you can take to manage and improve the condition of your nails.

Understanding the various thick toenail causes is crucial for determining the most effective treatment and prevention strategies. By staying vigilant about your foot health and implementing proper care techniques, you can keep your toenails in top shape and avoid the discomfort and complications of thick toenails. Don’t hesitate to seek professional help if you’re struggling to manage your thick toenails or if you suspect an infection or other underlying issue. With the right knowledge and care, you can maintain healthy feet and enjoy all life offers. The Mayo Clinic offers advice on how to trim thick toenails.